GENETIKA

After passing the exam, students will be able to: Explain the morphology, structure, and chemical composition of chromosomes, the structure of DNA and RNA, cell division, and fertilization. Define concepts such as gene, allele, locus, genotype, phenotype. Explain the division of traits based on the number of genes determining them. Select parental pairs for hybridization based on phenotype. State the basic principles and laws in the inheritance of traits in plants. Determine the mode of inheritance of traits of agronomic significance and calculate their heritability. Apply acquired knowledge in hybridization and improvement programs for fruit species.